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Images of night scenes never fail to impress. Night-time images have great ambiance, something which is often absent in flat, bright, daylight photos. Skillful low-light photos can look simply incredible and if you’re looking for ways to make money from photography, selling canvas prints of night scenes is one way to achieve this. They are very popular.
The main aim of this article is to highlight:
Given the amount of available light, there is a “right” exposure, where just enough light is allowed onto the camera’s sensor to make an accurate representation of the scene – i.e. preventing the picture from looking too bright or “blown out” because there was too much light, or at the other end, under-exposing the picture through allowing in insufficient light.
Three camera settings can be altered to control exposure:
For any given scene, there can be more than one combination of the above settings that will give you a correct exposure. Your camera’s light meter tells you how to combine them. For instance, if you choose to fix the ISO and aperture, the camera will set the correct shutter speed. Or when you select ISO and shutter speed values, the aperture will be set accordingly.
If you set the camera to “auto” all 3 of these variables are set by the camera. Good night photos, however, require that we do more than shoot on “auto”
Note: The one night shooting option omitted here is using a flash – but this is a completely different kind of concept for a “night scene” and I’ll deal with flash photography on its own in a later article.
a. Shoot “wide open” with a fast lens
This is a good option for street photographers who want to capture low-light (but perhaps not night-time) street photos.
Use a good lens which can go down to f/2.8 or even f/1.4 – i.e. a lens that can let in a lot of light! This will give you a nice shallow depth of field which adds dimension to your photos, whilst allowing you to shoot at decent shutter speeds (around 1/60th of a second). At slower shutter speeds you’ll most likely get blurry images unless you use a tripod.
This is an essential technique if you have an older camera that only delivers good quality at low ISO settings. Still, even when you have a good high-ISO camera you may want to exploit the nice shallow depth of focus brought about by shooting at a lower ISO and wide-open aperture
b. Use a tripod and expose for longer
This is ideal if you want to capture a night scene of a cityscape, for instance, where your subject isn’t moving, so you have time to set things up.
Ensure a wider depth of field by choosing a medium aperture such as f/8, fix the camera to your tripod and leave the shutter speed selection to the camera. Depending on the light in the scene it could be one second, several seconds or, for seriously low ISO settings, even several minutes.
Top tip: The best time to take photos of cityscapes is just after sunset, when there is still a little bit of ambient blue in the sky. If you’re using in-camera metering, point the lens at the sky to determine the correct exposure – you’ll be delighted by the good exposure you get in the end.
c. High ISO photos
This is especially useful (and sometimes unavoidable) if you’re taking photos at an indoors or night-time event where flash photography isn’t allowed, or perhaps you don’t want to use a flash because it will disturb your subject and ruin the photo.
You can force the camera to be more light-sensitive by increasing the ISO. This opens up the possibility of getting sharp photos in dark circumstances without having to use a flash or tripod. Why? You’ll be able to shoot at faster shutter speeds, which helps keep the images sharp..
Take note: There’s no such thing as a free lunch. Increasing the ISO means that you are more likely to get a noisy / grainy photo.
Certain cameras give you more low-light flexibility because they perform well at high ISO settings – leaving you full creative control over which of the three above options you choose to make your photos.
Because DLSR cameras tend to have bigger sensors, they generally take better high-ISO photos than compact cameras with relatively small sensors (it’s a bit technical, but it’s based on the laws of physics and electronics). The latest DSLR cameras have full-frame sensors achieving superb high-ISO performance.
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So How Is it? Don’t forget to share your views.
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Between 1206 and his death in 1227, the Mongol leader Genghis Khan conquered nearly 12 million square miles of territory—more than any individual in history. Along the way, he cut a ruthless path through Asia and Europe that left untold millions dead, but he also modernized Mongolian culture, embraced religious freedom and helped open contact between East and West. Explore 10 facts about a great ruler who was equal parts military genius, political statesman and bloodthirsty terror.
The man who would become the “Great Khan” of the Mongols was born along the banks of the Onon River sometime around 1162 and originally named Temujin, which means “of iron” or “blacksmith.” He didn’t get the honorific name “Genghis Kahn” until 1206, when he was proclaimed leader of the Mongols at a tribal meeting known as a “kurultai.” While “Khan” is a traditional title meaning “leader” or “ruler,” historians are still unsure of the origins of “Genghis.” It may have may have meant “ocean” or “just,” but in context it is usually translated as “supreme ruler” or “universal ruler.”
From an early age, Genghis was forced to contend with the brutality of life on the Mongolian Steppe. Rival Tatars poisoned his father when he was only nine, and his own tribe later expelled his family and left his mother to raise her seven children alone. Genghis grew up hunting and foraging to survive, and as an adolescent he may have even murdered his own half-brother in a dispute over food. During his teenage years, rival clans abducted both he and his young wife, and Genghis spent time as a slave before making a daring escape. Despite all these hardships, by his early 20s he had established himself as a formidable warrior and leader. After amassing an army of supporters, he began forging alliances with the heads of important tribes. By 1206, he had successfully consolidated the steppe confederations under his banner and began to turn his attention to outside conquest.
For such an influential figure, very little is known about Genghis Kahn’s personal life or even his physical appearance. No contemporary portraits or sculptures of him have survived, and what little information historians do have is often contradictory or unreliable. Most accounts describe him as tall and strong with a flowing mane of hair and a long, bushy beard. Perhaps the most surprising description comes courtesy of the 14th century Persian chronicler Rashid al-Din, who claimed Genghis had red hair and green eyes. Al-Din’s account is questionable—he never met the Khan in person—but these striking features were not unheard of among the ethnically diverse Mongols.
The Great Khan had a keen eye for talent, and he usually promoted his officers on skill and experience rather than class, ancestry or even past allegiances. One famous example of this belief in meritocracy came during a 1201 battle against the rival Taijut tribe, when Genghis was nearly killed after his horse was shot out from under him with an arrow. When he later addressed the Taijut prisoners and demanded to know who was responsible, one soldier bravely stood up and admitted to being the shooter. Stirred by the archer’s boldness, Genghis made him an officer in his army and later nicknamed him “Jebe,” or “arrow,” in honor of their first meeting on the battlefield. Along with the famed general Subutai, Jebe would go on to become one of the Mongols’ greatest field commanders during their conquests in Asia and Europe.
Genghis Khan often gave other kingdoms a chance to peacefully submit to Mongol rule, but he didn’t hesitate to bring down the sword on any society that resisted. One of his most famous campaigns of revenge came in 1219, after the Shah of the Khwarezmid Empire broke a treaty with the Mongols. Genghis had offered the Shah a valuable trade agreement to exchange goods along the Silk Road, but when his first emissaries were murdered, the enraged Khan responded by unleashing the full force of his Mongol hordes on the Khwarezmid territories in Persia. The subsequent war left millions dead and the Shah’s empire in utter ruin, but the Khan didn’t stop there. He followed up on his victory by returning east and waging war on the Tanguts of Xi Xia, a group of Mongol subjects who had refused his order to provide troops for his invasion of Khwarizm. After routing the Tangut forces and sacking their capital, the Great Khan ordered the execution of the entire Tangut royal family as punishment for their defiance.
While it’s impossible to know for sure how many people perished during the Mongol conquests, many historians put the number at somewhere around 40 million. Censuses from the Middle Ages show that the population of China plummeted by tens of millions during the Khan’s lifetime, and scholars estimate that he may have killed a full three-fourths of modern-day Iran’s population during his war with the Khwarezmid Empire. All told, the Mongols’ attacks may have reduced the entire world population by as much as 11 percent.
Unlike many empire builders, Genghis Khan embraced the diversity of his newly conquered territories. He passed laws declaring religious freedom for all and even granted tax exemptions to places of worship. This tolerance had a political side—the Khan knew that happy subjects were less likely to rebel—but the Mongols also had an exceptionally liberal attitude towards religion. While Genghis and many others subscribed to a shamanistic belief system that revered the spirits of the sky, winds and mountains, the Steppe peoples were a diverse bunch that included Nestorian Christians, Buddhists, Muslims and other animistic traditions. The Great Khan also had a personal interest in spirituality. He was known to pray in his tent for multiple days before important campaigns, and he often met with different religious leaders to discuss the details of their faiths. In his old age, he even summoned the Taoist leader Qiu Chuji to his camp, and the pair supposedly had long conversations on immortality and philosophy.
Along with the bow and the horse, the Mongols most potent weapon may have been their vast communication network. One of his earliest decrees as Khan involved the formation of a mounted courier service known as the “Yam.” This medieval express consisted of a well-organized series of post houses and way stations strung out across the whole of the Empire. By stopping to rest or take on a fresh mount every few miles, official riders could often travel as far as 200 miles a day. The system allowed goods and information to travel with unprecedented speed, but it also acted as the eyes and ears of the Khan. Thanks to the Yam, he could easily keep abreast of military and political developments and maintain contact with his extensive network of spies and scouts. The Yam also helped protect foreign dignitaries and merchants during their travels. In later years, the service was famously used by the likes of Marco Polo and John of Plano Carpini.
Of all the enigmas surrounding the Khan’s life, perhaps the most famous concerns how it ended. The traditional narrative says he died in 1227 from injuries sustained in a fall from a horse, but other sources list everything from malaria to an arrow wound in the knee. One of the more questionable accounts even claims he was murdered while trying to force himself on a Chinese princess. However he died, the Khan took great pains to keep his final resting place a secret. According to legend, his funeral procession slaughtered everyone they came in contact with during their journey and then repeatedly rode horses over his grave to help conceal it. The tomb is most likely on or around a Mongolian mountain called Burkhan Khaldun, but to this day its precise location is unknown.
Genghis Khan is now seen as a national hero and founding father of Mongolia, but during the era of Soviet rule in the 20th century, the mere mention of his name was banned. Hoping to stamp out all traces of Mongolian nationalism, the Soviets tried to suppress the Khan’s memory by removing his story from school textbooks and forbidding people from making pilgrimages to his birthplace in Khentii. Genghis Khan was eventually restored to Mongolian history after the country won independence in the early 1990s, and he’s since become a recurring motif in art and popular culture. The Great Khan lends his name to the nation’s main airport in the city of Ulan Bator, and his portrait even appears on Mongolian currency.
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लेखक: विजय गोयल।।
‘नौकर’ शब्द आम बोलचाल में अच्छा नहीं समझा जाता। क्यों नहीं अच्छा समझा जाता, यह मेरी समझ से बाहर है। देश में जिनके पास सबसे ज्यादा अधिकार हैं, उन्हें गवर्नमेंट सर्वेंट यानी कि सरकारी नौकर कहा जाता है। इसके लिए मैंने उन्हें कभी बुरा मानते हुए नहीं देखा। यह अलग बात है कि ये सरकारी नौकर अब जनता के बॉस हो गए हैं।
बहरहाल, ये पंक्तियां सरकारी नौकरों के लिए नहीं, बल्कि उन नौकरों को ध्यान में रखकर लिखी जा रही हैं, जो घरों में हम सबके यहां सब तरह के काम करते हैं- जैसे कपड़े धोना, बर्तन मांजना, सफाई करना, खाना पकाना वगैरा। या फिर उनके लिए, जो दफ्तरों में साफ-सफाई, पानी पिलाना, फाइल रखना, सामान एक से दूसरी जगह ले जाना जैसे काम करते हैं। ये वे नौकर हैं, जिन्हें हमारे घर और दफ्तर के अंदर का पूरा हाल मालूम रहता है। इनमें ड्राइवर, चपरासी, सफाई कर्मचारी सब आ जाते हैं, जो हमारे जीवन और हमारी दिनचर्या में लगभग पूरे समय हमारे आस-पास उपस्थित रहते हैं।
चीन का तजुर्बा
हमारे जीवन में इनके महत्वपूर्ण योगदान के बावजूद इन लोगों का वह मान-सम्मान नहीं है, जो होना चाहिए। पिछले दिनों जब मैं चीन गया तो मैंने एक कार किराए पर ली। मुझे मेरे वहां के मित्र ने कहा कि गोयल साहब, जब आप रेस्तरां में लंच करेंगे तो यह जो ड्राइवर है, वह भी आपके साथ मेज पर बैठकर लंच करेगा। मुझे पहले तो बड़ा अटपटा लगा, फिर एहसास हुआ कि यहां ड्राइवर का कितना सम्मान है। भारत में इस तरह का सम्मान अभी भी गांवों में तो है पर शहरों में देखने को नहीं मिलता। गांवों में जब आप किसी के यहां जाते हैं तो वह आपके साथ गए कर्मचारियों के खानपान का ख्याल रखता है। दुर्भाग्य से घरों में काम करने वाले नौकरों को हेय दृष्टि से देखा जाता है।
मुझे याद है, जब मैं छोटा था, मेरी मां घर के सारे काम चूल्हा-चौका, बर्तन, कपड़े व झाड़ू-पोंछा स्वयं करती थी और कभी उसको यह काम करने में छोटापन दिखाई नहीं दिया। उस समय घर में कोई आता था, तो हम बहुत सहज रूप से उसे बताते थे कि मां उस समय क्या काम कर रही है। मां तुरंत हाथ धोकर मेहमान नवाजी के लिए आ जाती थी।
आज मांओं ने, बहनों ने, बेटियों ने ये काम करने छोड़ दिए हैं। मुझे बड़ा अजीब लगता है, जब औरतें अपनी फिटनेस के लिए जिम में जाती हैं। पहले तो घर में महिलाओं की झाड़ू-पोंछा करते-करते पूरी एक्सरसाइज हो जाती थी और उन्हें जिम जाने की जरूरत ही नहीं पड़ती थी। आजकल पुरुषों और महिलाओं, दोनों ने घर का काम करना छोड़ दिया है और ज्यादा से ज्यादा नौकरों पर आश्रित होते जा रहे हैं। विदेशों में ऐसा नहीं है। अमेरिका में एक बार मैं वहां के एक दंपती के यहां डिनर पर गया। उन्होंने हमें खाना खिलाया और खाना खिलाने के बाद अमेरिकन गृहिणी हमारे साथ बैठ गई। उसका पति नजर नहीं आया। अंदर जाकर देखा तो पति बर्तन धो रहा था, जो अभी-अभी हमने खाकर छोड़े थे। यहां भारत में जिसके पास जरा-सा पैसा है, वह नौकरों के दम पर राजाओं की तरह रहते हैं।
वैसे नौकर रखना अब लोगों की मजबूरी हो गई है। यह मजबूरी हमने खुद ही पैदा की है। हम बच्चों को घर के काम नहीं बताते और न वे करना चाहते हैं। अपने बच्चों को तो हम खुद ही अपने से अलग कर रहे हैं।
उन्हें विदेशों में ऊंची डिग्री लेने के लिए भेजते हैं। बच्चे धीरे-धीरे वहीं सैटल हो जाते हैं और मां-बाप बेचारे अकेले रह जाते हैं। ऐसे लोगों के साथ कई वारदात हुई हैं। उनके नौकर उन्हें लूट लेते हैं। नौकरों की इस अपराधवृत्ति का कारण स्पष्ट है। लोग खुद पर सौ रुपये खर्च करने को तैयार हैं, लेकिन नौकरों पर एक रुपया खर्च करते हुए भी संकोच होता है। इसीलिए आए दिन नौकरों द्वारा अपराध की घटनाएं बढ़ती जा रही हैं। करोड़पति मां-बाप अपने उन नालायक बच्चों को, जो उनसे मुंह मोड़ लेते हैं, करोड़ों रुपये देकर जाते हैं, पर जो नौकर दिन-रात उनकी सेवा करते हैं, उन्हें वेतन के सिवा धेला तक नहीं देते। कैसी विडंबना है कि तीस-चालीस सालों से काम कर रहे कर्मचारी के परिवारों को न हम जानते हैं, न पहचानते हैं। हम चाहते हैं कि वे बस मशीन की तरह हमारा काम करते रहें। ऐसा नहीं हो सकता। आखिर वे भी इंसान हैं।
परिवार का सदस्य
आज जरूरत इस बात की है कि नौकरों को अपने परिवार के सदस्य की तरह रखा जाए। आपका नौकर अच्छे कपड़े पहनेगा और साफ-सुथरा रहेगा तो आपका ही मान बढ़ेगा।
उनके प्रति आपका प्यार कोई गलत खयाल आने से पहले उनकी आंखों में शर्म पैदा कर सकता है। कल वे आपके खिलाफ कोई अपराध करने से पहले सौ बार सोचेंगे। उनके परिवार के बारे में भी हमें पूछना चाहिए और फिर यह भी जानना चाहिए कि उन्हें परिवार चलाने में क्या-क्या कठिनाइयां आ रही हैं।
आप उनकी निजी जिंदगी में रुचि लेंगे तो वे आपका काम अधिक उत्साह और लगन से करेंगे। कभी-कभार आप अपने कामों में उनकी सलाह लें तो उन्हें न सिर्फ अच्छा लगेगा, बल्कि आपको फायदा भी होगा और काम में उनकी रुचि बढ़ जाएगी। अब वह जमाना गया जब आप चिल्ला कर या डांट कर किसी से काम करवा लेते थे। आपकी चिल्लाहट और डांट कब आपको क्या नुकसान पहुंचा जाएगी, इसकी कल्पना मुश्किल नहीं है। नौकरों का सम्मान करना सीखिए। इससे आपका भी सम्मान बढ़ेगा।
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Raped 43200 Times In Four Years , This Hard-Hitting Story Of A Rape Survivor Will Leave You Anguished, Sad And Tearful At The Same Time
Growing up in a dysfunctional family, Jacinto saw a lot of physical abuse. At the age of 5, she was sexually abused by one of her relatives. At the age of 12, she met a 22-year-old man who promised her all the riches and happiness of the world. He invited her to nearby Puebla and dazzled her by showing up driving a bright red Firebird Trans Am. Bemused and tired of ill treatment by her family, she decided to go with him.
In three months that she lived with him, he gave her all the comforts of the world, and she finally thought she has escaped the misery of life. But little did she know that it was just the beginning of her ordeal.
Soon, her ‘boyfriend’ started leaving her in an apartment alone, and few of his cousins turned up with different girls every day. Seeing this happen on a regular basis, she gathered the courage to ask him one day. To her surprise, he told her that he was a pimp and that’s when she realized that she has been living with a human trafficker throughout.
Soon, she started working as a prostitute in Guadalajara. She was sent to a number of cities to serve different clients. In a day, she served about 30 clients, and her ordeal continued for four years.
Once when a customer gave her a hickey, her trafficker beat her black and blue and left her bloodied on the floor.
When police raided her brothel, she finally thought she has been saved. But she was wrong.
The police, instead of saving them, took all the girls to another room and filmed them in compromising positions. When few of the girls protested, they were told that the videos will be sent to their families if they don’t listen to the police.
The pimp who once ‘rescued’ her from her childhood miseries, got her pregnant at the age of 15. Her baby was taken away a month after she was born. They would threaten her to kill her child when she wouldn’t oblige to their demands. Life seemed unfair and an unending struggle to her, and she thought there was no rescue to it.
Karla is now 23 years old. She escaped brothel at the age of 16. Today, she’s an outspoken advocate against human trafficking, telling her story at conferences and public events, and she narrated it even in front of Pope Francis in Vatican.
Her message is that human trafficking and forced prostitution still happens and is a growing problem in our world.
Doing nothing, she says, puts countless girls at risk of being trafficked for years and raped tens of thousands of times, just like she was.
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हम सब के दिमाग निष्क्रिय होते जा रहे हैं. हमारी आंखों ने देखना बंद कर दिया है. हमारी कुछ इंद्रियों का ओवर-टाइम चल रहा है और कुछ अपनी मूलभूत विशेषताओं को खोकर अकाल की स्थिति में हैं. अपने चारों ओर हम झूठ से घिरे हैं और वो ही अब हमारा अधिकतम सत्य है.
राजनीति एक बुरा शब्द है, लेकिन राजनीति एक अच्छा शब्द भी है. एक आर्टिस्ट अपने विश्व और भौगोलिक परिस्थितियों की राजनीति समझता है और श्रेष्ठ राजनीति वाला art work रचता जाता है तो वो दुनिया को बेहतर बना रहा होता है. आप फिल्मों में, किताबों में, भाषणों में, चित्रों में और विचारों में यही ढूंढ़ें और आप श्रेष्ठतम को ढूंढ़ रहे होंगे. पावेल एक श्रेष्ठतम political satire artist हैं. वे एक पर्यावरण प्रेमी, संवेदनाओं भरी और युद्ध हीन धरती की कामना करते हैं.तो पावेल कुचिंस्की के चित्र देखें. कुछ पल हर चित्र पर ठहरें. कुछ कठोर सी भारी वस्तु सिर के भीतर उठेगी और भीरत की दीवार से आ टकराएगी. ख़ून रिसने लगेगा. बुरी तरह से काला पड़ता दूषित ख़ून. शरीर को राहत मिलेगी. नसों में नई ऑक्सीजन वर्षों बाद फिर से आनी शुरू हो चुकी होगी.
राजनीति एक बुरा शब्द है, लेकिन राजनीति एक अच्छा शब्द भी है. एक आर्टिस्ट अपने विश्व और भौगोलिक परिस्थितियों की राजनीति समझता है और श्रेष्ठ राजनीति वाला art work रचता जाता है तो वो दुनिया को बेहतर बना रहा होता है. आप फिल्मों में, किताबों में, भाषणों में, चित्रों में और विचारों में यही ढूंढ़ें और आप श्रेष्ठतम को ढूंढ़ रहे होंगे. पावेल एक श्रेष्ठतम political satire artist हैं. वे एक पर्यावरण प्रेमी, संवेदनाओं भरी और युद्ध हीन धरती की कामना करते हैं.
पावेल 39 साल के हैं. पोलैंड के स्टेसिन (Szczecin) शहर में अगस्त 1976 में उनका जन्म हुआ था. वे वहीं रहते हैं. पोज़्नान की फाइन आर्ट्स एकेडमी में ग्रेजुएशन के लिए उन्होंने दाखिला लिया. वहां से ग्राफिक्स डिजाइन में उन्होंने विशेष दक्षता पाई.
2004 से पावेल ने व्यंग्य चित्र, कार्टून बनाने शुरू किए और सिर्फ एक साल बाद ही पोलैंड के कार्टूनिस्टों के नामी संगठन APC ने एरिक (ERYK) पुरस्कार प्रदान किया.
तो पावेल कुचिंस्की के चित्र देखें.
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Yesterday we came across a great little series of dogs running by Kelly Wolfe. It got us searching deeper and we found a lot of other similar fun shots which we’ve included below (check out the photographer’s 500px page and see settings used in the shots by hovering over the images and clicking their names).
Source: http://digital-photography-school.com/ Originally https://500px.com/kellywolfephotography
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If you are wondering how a superhero lives his/her life in daily manner, you might want to check these pictures below. Illustrated in a very natural way, we can see how a superhero is just like any other of us in running their daily habits and chorus.
In his humorous style, this Colombian artist, Fulvio Obregon can entertain you with the imagination, which might common to see but not come across in people’s mind to be live in by a superhero.
Source: Boredpanda, Plenishcleanse.
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Close on the heels of losing face after a landmark Bombay High Court judgement favouring Abhishek Chaubey’s Udta Punjab, it emerges that the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC, commonly referred to as the ‘Censor Board’) is causing trouble for another film.
Debutant Shlok Sharma’s Haraamkhor, starring Nawazuddin Siddiqui and Masaan(2015) actress Shweta Tripathi, is an indie drama that depicts the illicit relationship between a 14-year-old girl (Tripathi, in her first role) and her tuition teacher (Siddiqui) in a small town. It won the Silver Gateway Award (i.e. the runners-up) in the India Gold section of the 17th Jio MAMI Film Festival held in Mumbai last October.
However, the Examining Committee of the CBFC has declined to pass the film after a screening held last week. “They said they can’t give us a certificate because the entiretheme of the movie is objectionable,” said Guneet Monga of Sikhya Entertainment, one of the producers of the film, in a phone conversation with HuffPost India.
She attempted to reason with members of the EC. “I told them ‘What do you mean it’s objectionable? This sort of thing happens, and this film has screened in Mumbai, it has won awards and accolades in many places around the world and people have connected with it.'”
For the EC, however, the problem with the film is much deeper. “Their main issue is that teachers are revered people in society and they can’t be shown having an affair with an underage girl,” said a source close to the film. “They also had some objections with the depiction of children making lewd gestures, using profanity, and committing acts of violence.”
Unfortunately, however, the members of the EC refused to debate the matter and the makers were sent a letter a few days later, telling them they can take the film to either the Revising Committee, which includes members of the Board, or to the Film Certification Appellate Tribunal (FCAT), which is presided over by a retired High Court judge.
The makers of Haraamkhor are opting for the latter option. “You don’t want to hear the same thing again and again,” she says, implying a sentiment that many filmmakers, like Anurag Kashyap, have been expressing lately — one is more likely to get a fairer verdict from the FCAT than the two committees of the CBFC, which its famously conservative chairman Pahlaj Nihalani keeps a tight leash on.
A court battle with the Censor Board in the vein of Udta Punjab is not an option for them. “It’s a small, mostly crowdfunded film,” she says. “We don’t have the resources to go and fight this out in the courts.” She relates the example of Pan Nalin’s Angry Indian Goddesses (2015), which was butchered by the CBFC before its India release last year. “They had to deal with crazy things like the word ‘lunch’ being muted,” she says, “and they couldn’t do anything about it because they were too close to the release date to take legal action.”
As of now, Monga is hopeful that the FCAT will give the film a fairer appraisal, so as to start working towards a release in the coming months.
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